Nails are hard, protective structures covering the upper surface of the fingertips and toes. The integumentary system is the body's first line of defense against bacteria , viruses, and other pathogens. The word armor evokes several images. It can be due to overexposure to UV radiation from the sun or sunbeds. The integumentary system has multiple roles in homeostasis, including protection, temperature regulation, sensory reception, biochemical synthesis, and absorption. Psoriasis of the nails: A skin condition that causes pitting, nail discoloration and other symptoms. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. It comprises three main layers: Its purpose is to protect the body from infection and injury, regulate body temperature, and eliminate waste. Wrinkling of the skin occurs due to breakdown of its structure, which results from decreased collagen and elastin production in the dermis, weakening of muscles lying under the skin, and the inability of the skin to retain adequate moisture. These mechanisms prevent the body from overheating. Integumentary system works with the excretory system. In addition to these specialized receptors, there are sensory nerves connected to each hair follicle, pain and temperature receptors scattered throughout the skin, and motor nerves innervate the arrector pili muscles and glands. Besides providing a layer of protection from pathogens, physical abrasions, and radiation from the sun, the skin serves many functions. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. It does not store any personal data. Are lanthanum and actinium in the D or f-block? consent of Rice University. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 04/25/2022. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon, http://www.aad.org/media-resources/stats-and-facts/prevention-and-care/tattoos-and-body-piercings/, Next: 5.4 Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Describe the different functions of the skin and the structures that enable them, Explain how the skin helps maintain body temperature, Describe the nerve receptors and how they sense changes in the environment, Describe the effects of aging on structures of the integumentary system. One of the main functions of the skin is protection. - The integumentary system consists of the skin and accessory structures, such as hair, glands, and nails. You might think of a Roman centurion or a medieval knight in a suit of armor. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Key: stratum basale stratum lucidum collagen stratum corneum epidermis stratum granulosum dermis reticular layer stratum spinosum papillary layer melanocytes keratinocytes 1. layer containing sacs filled with fatty material or keratin subunits 2. found in thick skin only 3. the . and you must attribute OpenStax. Integumentary System chapter integumentary system functions of the integumentary system structures: skin hair nails glands functions: protection: protect Dismiss Try Ask an Expert In present day society, vitamin D is added as a supplement to many foods, including milk and orange juice, attempting to compensate for the need for sun exposure. It also functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature. Chapter 5: Integumentary System & Body Membranes Term 1 / 33 Membrane Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 33 is a thin, sheetlike structure that may have many important functions of the body. (credit: Janet Ramsden) The accessory structures also have lowered activity, generating thinner hair and nails, and reduced amounts of sebum and sweat. These mechanisms prevent the body from overheating. It contains sweat glands that help fight overheating and dehydration by releasing sweat onto the skins surface. Protects the bodys internal living tissues and organs. What do you mean by integumentary system? We avoid using tertiary references. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. It is made up of three layers: Hair not only enhances appearance but also helps: The functions of the nails are to protect the fingers and toes from injury and to hope with touch. They release materials like water, salt or oil from under your skin to the surface of your skin. Your hair is made of a protein called keratin. Because the needles involved in producing body art and piercings must penetrate the skin, there are dangers associated with the practice. It does not store any personal data. 1. 3 What are the two main functions of the integumentary system? It comprises the skin and its appendages, acting as a physical barrier between the external environment and the internal environment that it serves to protect and maintain. Why is IVF not recommended for women over 42? Skin cancer may appear as a discolored, scaly, and crusty skin patch. It consists of your skin, hair, nails and glands. Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System, Chapter 12. It also helps provide protection from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Watch this video to learn more about tattooing. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. Hairs protect against UV radiation, injuries, and extreme temperatures. It is the first layer of defense to prevent dehydration, infection, and injury to the rest of the body. The skin plays important roles in protection, sensing stimuli, thermoregulation, and vitamin D synthesis. The skin, hair, nails, and glands work harmoniously to protect the body from harm and maintain homeostasis. The accessory structures also have lowered activity, generating thinner hair and nails, and reduced amounts of sebum and sweat. The sympathetic nervous system is continuously monitoring body temperature and initiating appropriate motor responses. Heat retention slows down blood flow to capillaries in the skin. Other cells in the skin, such as melanocytes and dendritic cells, also become less active, leading to a paler skin tone and lowered immunity. It then covers the skin, detailing each layer, before covering the hair, nails, and exocrine glands. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe the functions of the integumentary system. What are the 6 primary functions of the skin *? In the skin, these changes are reflected in decreased mitosis in the stratum basale, leading to a thinner epidermis. 2: Thermoregulation.During strenuous physical activities, such as skiing (a) or running (c), the dermal blood vessels dilate and sweat secretion increases (b). Your skin is known as your birthday suit. Chapter five- the integumentary system. Goosebumps are caused by your integumentary system. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix. The skin is only a few millimeters thick yet is by far the largest organ in the body. Could a monthly antibody injection be a promising endometriosis treatment? Conditions that affect the integumentary system, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542322/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482278/, https://www.registerednursing.org/teas/integumentary-system/#disorders-affecting-integumentary-system, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554386/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441980/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6515324/, https://www.hse.gov.uk/skin/professional/causes/structure.htm, Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Vitamin D production. The integumentary system is all about protection. The skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. Blood volume is regulated in the integumentary system. 2. We recommend using a The fact that you can feel an ant crawling on your skin, allowing you to flick it off before it bites, is because the skin, and especially the hairs projecting from hair follicles in the skin, can sense changes in the environment. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Deep to the integument. The human skin is composed of . The integumentary system is made up of the skin and is associate glands which forms a physical barrier between the . Chapter 5: The Integumentary System Using the key, choose all responses that apply to the following descriptions. Regulates your body temperature and allows you to stay cool. Q. Parts. Athletes foot is a fungal infection that causes itching, redness, and blisters on the feet. (b) Which of these elements are heteroatoms? Your integumentary system is your bodys outer layer. The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, Chapter 20. Your integumentary system works with other systems in your body to keep it in balance. It shields your body from harmful light and helps regulate your body temperature. The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. The primary function of the integumentary system is to protect the inside of the body from elements in the environmentlike bacteria, pollution, and UV rays from the sun.The skin and its associated structures also retain bodily fluids, eliminate waste products, and regulate the body's temperature. For any form of armor, a breach in the protective barrier poses a danger. Dec 13, 2022 OpenStax. By the end of this section, you will be able to: The skin and accessory structures perform a variety of essential functions, such as protecting the body from invasion by microorganisms, chemicals, and other environmental factors; preventing dehydration; acting as a sensory organ; modulating body temperature and electrolyte balance; and synthesizing vitamin D. The underlying hypodermis has important roles in storing fats, forming a cushion over underlying structures, and providing insulation from cold temperatures. It is key to medicine and other areas of health. 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